Efeito antimicrobiano de tela cirúrgica biológica acrescida de vancomicina ou nanopartículas de prata para bactéria multirresistente - estudo experimental em ratos
Antimicrobial effect of biological surgical mesh added with vancomycin or silver nanoparticles for multidrug-resistant bacteria: experimental study in rats
Marcelo de Paula Loureiro; Pietro Maran Novais; Ishmael Thomaz Padilha; Marina Schmid Guérios; Fábio Luigi Crisigiovanni; Victoria Bizzi Vieira; Ana Luiza Masselai; Rodrigo Müller Caravalho; Eduardo Salamacha; Luane Zontta; Marina da Costa Gomes; Enrico Bertolucci Boscardim; Isadora Utri Andreguetto; Felipe Francisco Tuon
Resumo
Introdução: A infecção do sítio cirúrgico (ISC) e das telas de polipropileno (TPP) é um problema recorrente em cirurgias de hérnias abdominais, evidenciando a necessidade de um novo material antimicrobiano para o reparo cirúrgico. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito antimicrobiano in vivo de uma nova tela biológica feita de pericárdio bovino descelularizado (PB), acrescida de vancomicina (VAN) ou nanopartículas de prata (AgNPs), como prevenção para a ISC.
Métodos: Foram utilizados 35 ratos Wistar, divididos em quatro grupos: PB C+ (n=9) com PB sem acréscimos; PP C+ (n=8) com TPP; PB AgNPs (n=9) com PB acrescido de nanopartículas de prata; e PB VAN (n=9) com PB acrescido de vancomicina. As telas, com 1 cm², foram fixadas na fáscia muscular sob o subcutâneo do dorso dos ratos, seguidas de inoculação com Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina. Os animais foram observados por 7 dias, com posterior eutanásia, análise histológica e bacteriológica.
Resultados: O grupo PB VAN teve melhor controle da infecção em comparação aos grupos PP C+ e PB AgNPs (1x10¹ vs. 1,4x10³UFC/g, p=0,0303; 1x10¹ vs. 1,5x104 UFC/g, p<0,0001, respectivamente). O PB AgNPs apresentou menor redução bacteriana em comparação ao PB C+ (p=0,042). Na análise histológica, houve leve reação inflamatória no PB VAN, moderada no PB C+, e intensa no PP C+ e PB AgNPs.
Conclusão: O PB acrescido de vancomicina apresentou ação antimicrobiana promissora, enquanto o uso de nanopartículas de prata não demonstrou eficácia neste estudo.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
08/10/2024
Aceito em:
25/07/2025
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